From: Ralph Stuart <membership**At_Symbol_Here**DCHAS.ORG>
Subject: [DCHAS-L] Chemical Safety headlines (19 articles)
Date: Mon, 24 Jan 2022 06:41:37 -0500
Reply-To: ACS Division of Chemical Health and Safety <DCHAS-L**At_Symbol_Here**Princeton.EDU>
Message-ID: D794798B-6154-4228-AFB5-752A005A01DC**At_Symbol_Here**dchas.org


Chemical Safety Headlines From Google
Monday, January 24, 2022 at 6:41:24 AM

A service of the ACS Division of Chemical Health and Safety
Connecting Chemistry and Safety at http://www.dchas.org
All article summaries and tags are archived at http://pinboard.in/u:dchas

Table of Contents (19 articles)

CHEMICAL IDENTIFIED IN FRIDAY'S HAZMAT INCIDENT
Tags: us_IN, laboratory, follow-up, injury, toxics

MASSIVE FIRE DESTROYS ABANDONED WAREHOUSE IN EVERETT
Tags: us_MA, industrial, fire, response, metals, zinc

FORMER EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF INDUSTRIAL GAS FIRM LINKED TO FATAL BLAST IN 2015 CLAIMS TRIAL
Tags: Singapore, laboratory, follow-up, death, oxygen

NGT: NGT SLAPS ‰?119.8CR FINE ON FACTORY FOR DISPOSING CHEMICAL
Tags: India, industrial, release, response, waste

FIRE AT WATERKLOOF AIR FORCE BASE HAS BEEN CONTAINED
Tags: South_Africa, industrial, fire, response, other_chemical

ROYAL SOCIETY REPORT SAYS THERE'S NO SILVER BULLET TO FIX 'SCIENTIFIC MISINFORMATION'
Tags: United_Kingdom, public, discovery, environmental

FIRE SERVICE AWAITING RESULTS OF LAB TESTS TO DETERMINE CAUSE OF GPH CARDIAC UNIT FIRE
Tags: Guyana, laboratory, follow-up, environmental, unknown_chemical

CARRIERS OF PATHOGENS?: A TRUCK TRANSPORTING 100 MONKEYS TO A LABORATORY CRASHES IN THE US AND 4 SPECIMENS ESCAPE
Tags: us_PA, transportation, release, response, animals

POTENTIAL CHEMICAL EXPOSURE REPORTED AT GRACE COLLEGE
Tags: us_IN, laboratory, release, injury, unknown_chemical

NEWARK FIREFIGHTERS BATTLE FIRE AT TROY CHEMICAL COMPANY
Tags: us_NJ, industrial, fire, response, unknown_chemical

ASK A TROOPER: DO I NEED TO KNOW CHEMISTRY TO HAUL HAZARDOUS MATERIAL?
Tags: us_MN, education, discovery, environmental, explosives, flammables

STRUCTURE FIRE, EXPLOSIONS AT CRANFORD PEST BUSINESS: POLICE
Tags: us_NJ, public, explosion, response, pesticides

REDDING ROAD CLOSURES TO STAY IN EFFECT UNTIL 9 P.M. DUE TO HAZARDOUS SPILL
Tags: us_CA, transportation, release, response, jet_fuel

COVID TESTING SURGE HIGHLIGHTS THE NEED FOR MORE LAB TECHNICIANS
Tags: us_SD, laboratory, discovery, environmental

1 KILLED, 1 SERIOUSLY HURT IN HAMPSHIRE CHEMICAL EXPLOSION
Tags: us_IL, industrial, explosion, death, asphalt

SAFETY TO BE ROSE CLUB'S TOPIC ' CHICO ENTERPRISE-RECORD
Tags: us_CA, public, discovery, environmental, pesticides

CHARACTERISTICS OF LABORATORY SAFETY PROBLEMS IN ACADEMIC LABORATORY FACILITIES IN A THAI UNIVERSITY
Tags: Thailand, laboratory, discovery, environmental, waste

NANOBODY TEST DETECTS ALL KNOWN SPECIES OF EBOLA VIRUS
Tags: us_TX, laboratory, discovery, environmental

US EPA SUED OVER GAPS IN PFAS RELEASE REPORTING
Tags: public, discovery, environmental, toxics


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CHEMICAL IDENTIFIED IN FRIDAY'S HAZMAT INCIDENT
https://timesuniononline.com/Content/Local-News/Local-News/Article/Chemical-Identified-In-Friday-s-HAZMAT-Incident/2/453/138824
Tags: us_IN, laboratory, follow-up, injury, toxics

WINONA LAKE ' The hazardous material that caused the evacuation of the Dr. Dane A. Miller Science Complex at Grace College Friday has been identified as p-Cresol, according to Winona Lake Fire Department Public Information Officer Mike Cox on Sunday.

According to information found through a Google search, p-Cresol is an organic compound. A colorlesss solid, with a tar-like odor, it is used as an intermediate in the production of other chemicals.

At approximately 6:54 p.m. Friday, the Winona Lake Fire Department was dispatched to a reported hazardous materials situation at the Miller building. Lutheran Kosciusko EMS also was dispatched, according to a news release Cox provided Saturday. Winona Lake Fire units were at the scene within 4 minutes and requested a response from Warsaw-Wayne Township Fire Territory and the Elkhart City Fire Department HAZMAT Team.

'The Elkhart city HAZMAT Team has the expertise and suits. It just takes them a while to get here,' Cox said Sunday.

The hazardous material was described as a deadly gas toxic inhalant from a chemical leak, the news release states. Due to the probable length of time to stabilize and deal with the situation and investigate it, Plain Township/Leesburg Fire Department was requested to stand by for Warsaw-Wayne Fire at Warsaw Station 1 and Pierceton Fire Department was requested to stand by for Winona Lake Fire at the Winona Lake station.

Also requested were Titus fans from Warsaw and Silver Lake. Cox said the fans did not end up being used. 'They were there just in case to blow out the building, but we relied more on the cleaning system built in the building. That's what it's designed for,' he said.

Preliminary information was that a chemical leak had occurred in a third-floor laboratory earlier in the day and some people who had been in the lab had reported experiencing some symptoms that may have been caused by the toxic chemical. There were 18 people in the lab and they had since left to their homes or dormitories, the release states. Grace College administrative personnel contacted them to return, as well as approximately 46 other people who had been in the building at the time of the leak. Groups were separated as they arrived back at the scene according to where they had been in the building and they were checked and monitored by EMS personnel. Grace College provided buses to house the students and staff who had been in the building, while those who were in the lab were monitored in ambulances, the news release states.

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MASSIVE FIRE DESTROYS ABANDONED WAREHOUSE IN EVERETT
https://www.wcvb.com/article/massive-fire-destroys-abandoned-warehouse-in-everett/38864060
Tags: us_MA, industrial, fire, response, metals, zinc

EVERETT, Mass. '
Firefighters in Everett battled a massive fire late Sunday night that tore through an abandoned warehouse.

Crews arrived at the Duncan Galvanized Warehouse along Santilli Highway just after 1o p.m. and spent hours fighting the flames.

Advertisement
The facility housed metal, which was galvanized and dipped into molten zinc to help rust. There were concerns about the burning chemicals, and the fumes they're giving off, however the state Hazmat Team said there are no concerns about air quality in the area.

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FORMER EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF INDUSTRIAL GAS FIRM LINKED TO FATAL BLAST IN 2015 CLAIMS TRIAL
https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/courts-crime/former-executive-director-of-industrial-gas-firm-linked-to-fatal-blast-in-2015-claims-trial
Tags: Singapore, laboratory, follow-up, death, oxygen

SINGAPORE - A risk assessment in 2011 of operations in a laboratory linked to a 2015 fatal blast was described as "perfunctory, simplistic and inadequate", a district court heard on Monday (Jan 24).

The explosion, which ripped through Leeden National Oxygen's laboratory in Tanjong Kling Road in Jurong on Oct 12, 2015, killed chemist Lim Siaw Chian. The incident left seven others injured.

Gary Choo Pu Chang, now 64, who is the former executive director of the industrial gas supply firm, is now contesting one charge under the Workplace Safety and Health Act.

He is accused of performing a negligent act which endangered the safety of others at the laboratory in the Specialty Gas Centre.

On the first day of his trial on Monday, the court heard that the Singaporean allegedly failed to ensure that an adequate risk assessment was conducted in respect of the operations of the laboratory.

He is also said to have failed to ensure that there was a system for the tracking and maintenance of the regulatory valve assemblies (RVAs) used there.

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NGT: NGT SLAPS ‰?119.8CR FINE ON FACTORY FOR DISPOSING CHEMICAL
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kanpur/ngt-slaps-19-8cr-fine-on-factory-for-disposing-chemical/articleshow/89081965.cms
Tags: India, industrial, release, response, waste

KANPUR: The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has slapped a fine of Rs 19.85 crore on a chemical factory situated at Akrampur-Chakrampur in Unnao district for disposing of thousands of tonnes of chromium waste in Rania locality of Kanpur Dehat.
The state pollution control board has issued notice to this effect to five partners of the firm. The NGT has taken action after conducting verification that industrial waste was thrown at Rania in Kanpur Dehat.
A petition filed in the NGT alleged that the firm had disposed of chromium waste against the set standards of its disposal.

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FIRE AT WATERKLOOF AIR FORCE BASE HAS BEEN CONTAINED
https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/just-in-fire-at-waterkloof-air-force-base-has-been-contained-sandf-spokesperson-20220123
Tags: South_Africa, industrial, fire, response, other_chemical

The SA National Defence Force (SANDF) confirmed that a massive fire, which broke out at the Waterkloof Air Force Base in Pretoria on Sunday evening after a fuel pump burst, has been extinguished.

The SANDF's spokesperson, Brigadier-General Mongezi Kweta, said the fire started on the bulk fuel storage facility following a suspected leakage from a burst pump late on Sunday afternoon.

While Kweta said the SANDF had launched an investigation into the cause of the fire, he added that it had no reason to suspect any foul play at this stage.

Kweta said: "I can confirm that it started at the bulk fuel tanks where we store fuel. There is no clarity how the fire started and there is no indication on whether it came from underground or on the surface. Investigations continue to establish further details."

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ROYAL SOCIETY REPORT SAYS THERE'S NO SILVER BULLET TO FIX 'SCIENTIFIC MISINFORMATION'
https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/royal-society-report-says-theres-no-silver-bullet-to-fix-scientific-misinformation/4015101.article
Tags: United_Kingdom, public, discovery, environmental

There's no quick and easy way to fix the problem of 'scientific misinformation', argues a new report released by the Royal Society.

As communication technologies have changed, so has the scale and speed with which misinformation spreads, says the report. 'So the responses to it have to similarly be upgraded,' report author Frank Kelly, a mathematician at the University of Cambridge, UK, tells Chemistry World. 'Misinformation has always been present,' Kelly adds. 'It's always been difficult to balance open communication with misinformation.'

Although scientific misinformation is available online, it's not clear what its impact is, the report says, citing a Royal Society survey of the UK public that found that found that most people believe Covid-19 vaccines are safe, climate change is the result of human activity and 5G technology is not harmful to health. During the pandemic, however, there's 'no question' that there was enough misinformation to cause harm, Kelly notes.

The report suggests that echo chambers ' both online and offline ' where people encounter information that reinforces beliefs they already hold are less common than previously thought. It also suggests that there is little evidence for the filter bubble hypothesis, which suggests that algorithms result in people only coming across information that is in line with their thinking.

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FIRE SERVICE AWAITING RESULTS OF LAB TESTS TO DETERMINE CAUSE OF GPH CARDIAC UNIT FIRE
https://www.stabroeknews.com/2022/01/23/news/guyana/fire-service-awaiting-results-of-lab-tests-to-determine-cause-of-gph-cardiac-unit-fire/
Tags: Guyana, laboratory, follow-up, environmental, unknown_chemical

The Guyana Fire Service (GFS) is awaiting the results of the testing of samples which were sent to the Guyana Forensic Science Laboratory (GFSL) to conclude the investigation into the fire that destroyed the Georgetown Public Hospital (GPH) echocardiography (ECG) laboratory on New Year's Day.

Fire Chief (ag) Gregory Wickham yesterday told Sunday Stabroek that a cause of the fire has not yet been determined.

He said investigators are hoping to wrap up the investigation in the new week. 'Samples from the fire at the Georgetown Hospital were sent to the forensic lab [GFSL] and they are still awaiting the results from those tests. They weren't able to conclude on the cause of the fire,' Wickham said in an invited comment.

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CARRIERS OF PATHOGENS?: A TRUCK TRANSPORTING 100 MONKEYS TO A LABORATORY CRASHES IN THE US AND 4 SPECIMENS ESCAPE
https://www.parisbeacon.com/33727/
Tags: us_PA, transportation, release, response, animals

A truck carrying 100 monkeys to a laboratory collided with another vehicle Friday afternoon in Montour County, Pennsylvania, USA, and four specimens escaped to nearby wooded areas.


According to the local news outlet WNEP, the accident occurred along Route 54, near the city of Danville.

State police used a helicopter with thermal cameras to try to track down the primates, which belong to the macaque genus.

Rangers, for their part, searched the area with flashlights at night and managed to locate one of the animals between the branches of a tree.

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POTENTIAL CHEMICAL EXPOSURE REPORTED AT GRACE COLLEGE
https://timesuniononline.com/Content/Local-News/Local-News/Article/Potential-Chemical-Exposure-Reported-At-Grace-College/2/453/138808
Tags: us_IN, laboratory, release, injury, unknown_chemical

WINONA LAKE ' A possible chemical exposure Friday evening in the Dr. Dane A. Miller Science Complex led to the evacuation of the Grace College & Seminary building and a number of students to be checked out as a precautionary measure.

By about 9 p.m., those students and staff who were in the building but not in the third-floor lab where the incident took place were being released after they were checked out and watched for a period of time, according to Winona Lake Fire Department Public Information Officer Mike Cox.
...
Asked what kind of chemical or chemicals were involved, Cox said, 'We have a list and I can't give that to you right now because I'm not sure and we want to make sure before we give anything like that out.'

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NEWARK FIREFIGHTERS BATTLE FIRE AT TROY CHEMICAL COMPANY
https://www.shorenewsnetwork.com/2022/01/22/newark-firefighters-battle-fire-at-troy-chemical-company/
Tags: us_NJ, industrial, fire, response, unknown_chemical

NEWARK, NJ ' Newark firefighters in sub-freezing temperatures rushed to a fire Saturday afternoon at the Troy Chemical company. Newark Public Safety Director Brian A. O'Hara reported that Newark firefighters extinguished the fire at Troy Chemical Company, located at 1 Avenue L, this afternoon.

Just after 1:10 p.m., firefighters responded to the building and located a fire, which was extinguished with dry chemical and a coat of foam.

No injuries have been reported. The fire was considered under control at 1:53 p.m. The cause and origin of the fire is under investigation by the Newark Department of Public Safety Arson Squad.

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ASK A TROOPER: DO I NEED TO KNOW CHEMISTRY TO HAUL HAZARDOUS MATERIAL?
https://www.echopress.com/lifestyle/ask-a-trooper-do-i-need-to-know-chemistry-to-haul-hazardous-material
Tags: us_MN, education, discovery, environmental, explosives, flammables

Question: I'm thinking about getting a commercial driver's license with a HAZMAT endorsement. Do I need to have a background or some education in basic chemistry?

Answer: No, but there are many responsibilities and requirements in dealing with hazardous materials. For example, you need to know when to use hazardous material placards and which products can be loaded together.

Hazardous materials are products that pose a risk to health, safety and property during transportation. The term often is shortened to HAZMAT, which you may see on road signs, or to HM in government regulations. Hazardous materials include explosives, various types of gas, solids, and flammable and combustible liquid. All levels of government regulate the handling of hazardous materials.

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STRUCTURE FIRE, EXPLOSIONS AT CRANFORD PEST BUSINESS: POLICE
https://patch.com/new-jersey/cranford/structure-fire-explosions-occur-cranford-pest-business
Tags: us_NJ, public, explosion, response, pesticides

CRANFORD, NJ ' A large structure fire and several small explosions occurred at Arnolds Pest Control in Cranford Friday morning.

According to the Cranford Fire Department, a garage structure at the rear of a property on Quine Street was fully on fire, as well as several vehicles that were parked adjacent to the garage. Firefighters, EMS and police were dispatched around 10:03 a.m.

The fire caused three alarms to go off, and several small explosions occurred within the structure while the Fire Department was inside.

Due to the intensity of the fire and the storage of pest control products on the property, the Fire Department issued a shelter-in-place order for the surrounding homes in the area to minimize exposure to smoke and combustion byproducts. Union County's Hazmat squad confirmed that there was no elevated hazard of smoke.

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REDDING ROAD CLOSURES TO STAY IN EFFECT UNTIL 9 P.M. DUE TO HAZARDOUS SPILL
https://www.actionnewsnow.com/news/several-roads-closed-in-redding-after-large-hazardous-spill/article_322958a2-7ad2-11ec-90ad-532a3cedd6ab.html
Tags: us_CA, transportation, release, response, jet_fuel

REDDING, Calif. - The Shasta Area Safety Communications Agency reported a hazardous spill Friday morning.

The Redding Fire Department and Police Department responded to the area around 4:31 a.m.

Officials believe a mix of jet fuels and gas were spilled but the California Department of Fish and Wildlife is sending the fuels to a lab to verify.

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COVID TESTING SURGE HIGHLIGHTS THE NEED FOR MORE LAB TECHNICIANS
https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/national/covid-testing-surge-highlights-the-need-for-more-lab-technicians
Tags: us_SD, laboratory, discovery, environmental

WASHINGTON, D.C. ' In the fight against omicron, there's no fighting the long lines at COVID testing sites. Behind all that testing, though, are labs under pressure to get results.

'We've got an extraordinary team, but we have an extraordinarily small team,' said Dr. Tim Southern is laboratory director for South Dakota's Public Health Lab.

Early on, they realized COVID would require some changes.

'There's no way that this state public health laboratory would be able to sustain all the testing needed in the state of South Dakota,' Dr. Southern said.

So, they got to work. While doing public health surveillance -- keeping a bird's eye view of what COVID was doing in the state -- they also supported COVID testing done at clinical labs, like those at hospitals and clinics. Still, for lab technicians everywhere, the pandemic's demands have been enormous, including at taxpayer-funded public health labs.

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1 KILLED, 1 SERIOUSLY HURT IN HAMPSHIRE CHEMICAL EXPLOSION
https://chicago.suntimes.com/2022/1/21/22895275/2-hurt-in-hampshire-chemical-explosion
Tags: us_IL, industrial, explosion, death, asphalt

One person was killed and another seriously injured in a chemical explosion at a manufacturing plant in Hampshire Friday.

The blast occurred around 10:45 a.m. as two workers at the W. R. Meadows building materials plant were cleaning a tank inside one of the buildings, according to Fire Protection District Chief Trevor Herrmann.

One person was pronounced dead at the scene and the other was transported by helicopter to a hospital with serious injuries, Hampshire Village Manager Jay Hedges said.

He said the explosion caused significant damage to the facility, which makes asphalt and concrete products.

People living and working near the site were evacuated for safety reasons, and a village inspector went to the site to determine the building's structural integrity, Hedges said.

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SAFETY TO BE ROSE CLUB'S TOPIC ' CHICO ENTERPRISE-RECORD
https://www.chicoer.com/2022/01/21/safety-to-be-rose-clubs-topic/
Tags: us_CA, public, discovery, environmental, pesticides

CHICO ' Pesticides, personal protection, and other safety issues regarding using chemicals in the garden will be the topic at the next meeting of the Butte Rose Society, 7 p.m. Jan. 25 at the Chico Veterans Memorial Hall, 554 Rio Lindo Ave.

Rose expert Jolene Adams will present a program on chemical safety for those who grow roses. She will discuss integrated pest management, types of pesticides, pesticide choices (for roses and other garden plants), pesticide identification, how to read a pesticide label, and chemical safety including personal protection, equipment, mixing, applying pesticides, clean-up and storage.

Adams has grown roses for more than 60 years. She is past president of the American Rose Society. She is also an American Rose Society-certified Master Rosarian and a horticulture judge. She is retired from academia, and lectures extensively both nationally and internationally.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF LABORATORY SAFETY PROBLEMS IN ACADEMIC LABORATORY FACILITIES IN A THAI UNIVERSITY
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chas.1c00077
Tags: Thailand, laboratory, discovery, environmental, waste

This study aims at providing general characteristics of safety problems and current mitigation plans in academic laboratories in Thailand. This empirical study utilizes the 'Enhancement of Safety Practice in Research Laboratory in Thailand' (ESPReL) checklists to identify safety problems focusing on three aspects: the chemical management system; the waste disposal system; and laboratories, equipment, and tools. The experiment gathers safety evaluation reports from 17 educational buildings with laboratories located on a university campus. The methodology includes various procedures, including walk-through observations, documentation, user interview, specialist evaluation, and stakeholders' data verification. Finally, all the analyzed data identified common safety problems and reviewed existing mitigation plans. The finding shows common laboratory safety problems in laboratories, equipment, and tool components, where both specialists' and laboratory users' assessment!
s indicate significant concerns that indicate the need for urgent improvement. In addition, the difference in results between the two parties' evaluation occurs in some aspects, suggesting the enhancement in integrating the laboratory safety rules and guidelines into safer user habits. In conclusion, the study highlights the necessity to improve laboratories' physical attributes and facility design, as well as refurbish the building engineering systems and safety equipment to the current building standards. Moreover, the safety awareness gap is another issue that should not be overlooked. Further study suggests investigating facility management or user-behavior effects to narrow down the gaps to improve safety in academic laboratories.

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NANOBODY TEST DETECTS ALL KNOWN SPECIES OF EBOLA VIRUS
https://cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/infectious-disease/Nanobody-test-detects-known-species-Ebola-virus/100/web/2022/01
Tags: us_TX, laboratory, discovery, environmental

Diagnostic tests based on fragments of antibodies offer a route to detecting both known and yet-undiscovered species of Ebola virus, according to a new study. Researchers developed these single-domain antibodies, known as nanobodies, against five species of Ebola and used them to detect a sixth species that was unknown when they began their experiments years ago (ACS Infect. Dis. 2022, DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00478). Universal tests such as these could one day help control disease outbreaks and offer quicker diagnosis of infections.
Five different species of Ebola emerged at different times between 1976 and 2007 and caused outbreaks in different regions. Vaccines and treatments have been developed for the Zaire ebolavirus, and they aren't useful against the others, says Daniel Bausch, director of emerging threats and global health security at the nonprofit Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics, who was not involved in the study. 'This approach of trying to find conserved antibodies that cut across various different species has a lot of utility.'
To develop the diagnostic test, Andrew Hayhurst and Laura Jo Sherwood of the Texas Biomedical Research Institute homed in on a nucleoprotein that is produced by all known species of the virus. Research on therapies has focused on blocking a glycoprotein on the virus's surface. The glycoprotein target is 'good for therapeutics but highly variable,' Hayhurst says. 'We weren't interested in neutralizing the virus but detecting it.'

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US EPA SUED OVER GAPS IN PFAS RELEASE REPORTING
https://cen.acs.org/environment/persistent-pollutants/US-EPA-sued-over-gaps/100/web/2022/01
Tags: public, discovery, environmental, toxics

Advocacy groups are asking a federal court to force the US Environmental Protection Agency to plug what they call loopholes in two rules on reporting releases of dozens of toxic, highly persistent chemicals.
The EPA acknowledged last October that those rules have limited the ability of the public to get data on releases of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from industrial and federal facilities. Exposure to many of these synthetic chemicals is linked to cancer, hormone disruption, and cholesterol, kidney, and developmental problems. They can be toxic at very low concentrations.
"Families across the country have a right to know if a nearby chemical plant, or a military base, is dumping PFAS in the air or water,' says Eve Gartner, managing attorney for the law firm Earthjustice and the lead lawyer on the case. 'EPA is allowing secrecy loopholes to protect polluters. This must stop,' she says in a statement.
The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 required the EPA add certain PFAS to the annual toxics release inventory (TRI) under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act. The listing of a chemical in TRI means that facilities that manufacture, process, or use at least 45 kg a year of the substance must report releases of it to the EPA. The agency then compiles and makes the information public.
A May 2020 EPA rule triggered TRI reports on releases of 172 PFAS to land, water, or air. The agency added three more PFAS to the TRI in 2021.

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