>None of this is to say that ammonia explosions aren't dangerous. Firefighters and workers have been killed, particularly when they were unaware of the flammability hazard.

As an aside, pre-Covid, I had the opportunity to work with the ASTI - Ammonia Safety & Training Institute ( https://ammonia-safety.com ) to put on a regional ammonia safety training day. It was quite impressed with their training for industrial scale ammonia users. They were able to bring together a good mix of operational personnel, vendors and emergency responders, which led to some great conversations about the connections between theory and real life.

I don't think that the training would work as well virtually, but ammonia is the most cited chemical in the hazmat headlines summary collected here, so I think that there is a need for an ongoing education about managing it as hazmat as well as a refrigerant. I would recommend ASTI for this purpose.

- Ralph

Ralph Stuart, CIH, CCHO
ralph**At_Symbol_Here**rstuartcih.org

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